Police in Bangladesh took five people into custody in connection with the collapse of a shoddily constructed building this week, as rescue workers pulled 19 survivors out of the rubble on Saturday and vowed to continue as long as necessary to find others despite fading hopes.
At least 340 people are known to have died, crushed by massive blocks of concrete and mortar falling on them when the eight-storey structure came down on Wednesday morning — a time many of the garment factories in the building were packed with workers.
It was the worst tragedy to hit Bangladesh's massive garment industry, and focused attention on the poor working conditions of the employees who toil for $38 a month to produce clothing for top international brands.
Among those taken into custody is the wife of the building owner, who is on the run, in an attempt to force him to surrender. Violent public protests continued sporadically in Dhaka and spread to the southeastern city of Chittagong where several vehicles were set on fire.
"There are many [survivors] still there," Subrata Sarker, a fire official, said, taking a break after emerging from the debris. Around him, soldiers, police and medical workers in lab coats worked in frenzied activity.
Bangladeshi soldiers stand in the rubble of the collapsed building, where more than 300 people lost their lives. (Kevin Frayer/Associated Press) Rescuers passed bottles of water and small cylinders of oxygen up a ladder leaning against the side of the building to be given to possible survivors inside.
Mohammad Sarwar Hossain, another rescue worker said he saw 15 people still alive. "They can be rescued by today. We will be able to bring them out after we cut seven more Iron rods."
Nearby, Abul Basar wept as he awaited news of his wife, who worked in one of the garment factories.
"My son says that his mother will come back some day, she must return, " he cried.
Rescue teams went in from seven entry points gouged into the rubble. Every once in a while a badly decomposed body would be brought out, covered in cloth and plastic, to a spot where ambulances were parked. Workers furiously sprayed air-fresheners on the bodies to cover the stench, leaving the air thick with the smell of death and cheap perfume.
The death toll is expected to rise as big portion of the crumbled building was still untouched and heavy equipment would be needed to remove the debris to recover the bodies.
The bodies were kept at a makeshift morgue at the nearby Adharchandra High School before being handed over to families. Many people milled around at the school, waving photos of their missing loved ones.
Junior local government minister Jahangir Kabir Nanak put the death toll at 340. Military spokesman Shahinul Islam said 2,419 survivors were accounted for, including 19 who were pulled out Saturday.
"We will continue our operation for more survivors as long as it is required. We are not thinking of wrapping up of our effort any time soon," he said.
Police in riot gear formed a cordon around the site to keep away hundreds of protesters who have been venting their anger at the situation since Wednesday.
Authorities shut down garment factories in Dhaka for fear of violence, which has persisted over demands that police arrest the owners of the factories and the building.
Junior Home Minister Shamsul Haque Tuku said police had arrested Bazlus Samad, managing director of New Wave Apparels Ltd., and Mahmudur Rahman Tapash, the company chairman.
He told reporters that police had also detained the wife of Mohammed Sohel Rana, the owner of the collapsed Rana Plaza building, for questioning. The top three floors of the building in Savar, near Dhaka, were illegally constructed.
Authorities are still searching for Rana, a local politician, who hasn't been seen publicly since the building collapsed. Negligence cases have been filed against him. Police in Bangladesh often detain relatives of missing suspects as a way to pressure them to surrender.
Dhaka police superintendent Habibur Rahman said Rana was a local leader of ruling Awami League's youth front. His arrest, and that of the factory owners, was ordered by Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, who is also the Awami League leader.
Police said they detained for questioning two engineers working for the Savar municipality, Imtemam Hossain and Alam Ali. They did not say what role they played in approving the design of the building but it was clear that the arrests amounted to a widening crackdown. They spoke on condition of anonymity because they are not authorized to speak to the media.
High temperatures reduce chances of survival
There were fears that even if unhurt, the survivors could be badly dehydrated, with daytime temperatures soaring to 35 degrees Celsius and about 24 degrees Celsius overnight. A brief thundershower accompanied by lightning slowed down rescue efforts on Saturday.
With hammers, handheld concrete cutters and drills, rescuers and volunteers — some wearing helmets and other safety gear but many not — chipped away at a large slab of concrete, brick and steel rods that was once a factory floor. An excavator moved in to finish the job, dragging away and lifting up the debris.
Other rescuers used their hands or shovels, passing chunks of brick and concrete down a human chain away from the collapsed structure. On the ground, mixed in the debris were several pairs of pink cotton pants, a mud-covered navy blue sock and a pile of green uncut fabric.
More than 3,000 workers employed in building
A garment manufacturers' group said the factories in the building employed 3,122 workers, but it was not clear how many were inside it when it collapsed.
Police say they ordered an evacuation of the building on Tuesday after cracks in Rana Plaza were found, but the factories ignored the order and were operating when it collapsed the next day. Video before the collapse shows cracks in walls, with apparent attempts at repair. It also shows columns missing chunks of concrete and police talking to building operators.
Officials said soon after the collapse that numerous construction regulations had been violated.
The disaster is the worst ever for the country's booming and powerful garment industry, surpassing a fire five months ago that killed 112 people and brought widespread pledges to improve worker-safety standards. Since then, very little has changed in Bangladesh, where low wages have made it a magnet for numerous global brands.
Bangladesh's garment industry was the third largest in the world in 2011, after China and Italy, having grown rapidly in the past decade. The country's minimum wage is the equivalent of about $38 a month.
About four million people in the garment trade in Bangladesh, making cheap clothing for western retailers.
Among the garment makers in the collapsed building were Phantom Apparels, Phantom Tac, Ether Tex, New Wave Style and New Wave Bottoms. Altogether, they produced several million shirts, pants and other garments a year.
The New Wave companies, according to their website, make clothing for several major North American and European retailers.
Some clothing made on the second floor of the factory was exported to Primark, a chain of stores in Britain. Primark's parent company is ABF (Associated British Foods), and AFB is 54 per cent controlled by Wittington Investments, which is owned by the Garfield Weston Foundation and Canada's Weston family.
Shirts for Weston's Loblaw brand Joe Fresh were made in the factory.
Retailers like Loblaw and Primark say they do inspect their suppliers' workplaces, but not the integrity of the buildings.
Wal-Mart said none of its clothing had been authorized to be made in the facility, but it is investigating whether there was any unauthorized production.
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